A Review: The Global Burden of Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is most common invasive cancer and the second main cause of death in women. In breast cancer the cancerous cells break out from inside the ducts and invade nearby tissue and increasing the chances of spreading the cancer to other body parts. Out of every 100 breast cancer patient, presently 4% are in the age group 20-30, 16% are in 30–40, 28% are in 40–50. Breast cancer has ranked number one cancer with age adjusted rate as high as 25.8 per 100,000 women and mortality 12.7 per 100,000 women. About 90% of breast cancer is due to genetic abnormalities. Most common genes implicated in breast cancer are BRCA₁, BRCA_2, p53 and CHEK₂. Cancer detection in early stage is very important for the treatment. A mammogram is the screening test used to screen breast cancer. Treatments used for breast cancer are radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy and surgery. These treatments cause side effects like loss of appetite, hair loss, weight Gain, early menopause, bleeding, etc. The aim of this review is to find out the possible current mechanism and drug used to treatment of cancer. Nowadays the trend is alternative medicine such as plant and animal sources because these paths have less side effect and also inexpensive for cancer treatment. The breast cancer burden in worldwide can be reduced by choosing the alternative medicine or combination of drugs.

Keywords: Breast cancer, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, alternative medicine