Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Moringa Oleifera: Traditional and Modern Uses, and Current Research Studies

Moumita . Barman, Shubhanshu . Goel, Monika . Singh, Rosaline . Mishra, Shubham . Kaim, Sakshi . Phogat

Abstract


Moringa, also known as the Miracle tree, is a member of the Moringaceae family. It is an exceptionally valued plant that is found in various countries around the world. It is also a special food crop because it is highly nutritive and provides the body with essential amino acids, minerals, and vitamins, allowing Moringa to become an excellent food supplement. Furthermore, various Moringa species provide enormous medicinal benefits for various healthcare needs. The Moringa plant contains a remarkable concentration of quercetin, beta-sitosterol, zeatin, and kaempferol. Moringa and its plant parts have been found to have vast a range of health benefits. This comprehensive review highlights the multi-dimensional pharmacological potential of Moringa in managing several acute and chronic conditions.

Keywords


Moringa, Quercetin, Beta-Sitosterol, Zeatin, Kaempferol, Moringaceae

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ramachandran, C., Peter, K.V. and Gopalakrishnan PK. Drumstick (Moringa oleifera): a multipurpose Indian vegetable. Econ Bot. 1980;276–83.

Nadkarni AK. Indian Materia Medica. Pop Prakashan Bombay. 1976;810–6.

Velázquez-Zavala M, Peón-Escalante IE, Zepeda-Bautista R, Jiménez-Arellanes MA. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.): usos potenciales en la agricultura, industria y medicina. Rev Chapingo Ser Hortic [Internet]. 2016;XXII(2):95–116. Available from: https://revistas.chapingo.mx/horticultura/?section=articles&subsec=issues&numero=230&articulo=2246

Popoola JO, Obembe OO. Local knowledge, use pattern and geographical distribution of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) in Nigeria. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2013 Nov;150(2):682–91. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378874113006909

Gopalakrishnan L, Doriya K, Kumar DS. Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application. Food Sci Hum Wellness [Internet]. 2016 Jun;5(2):49–56. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2213453016300362

Seifu E, Teketay D. Introduction and expansion of Moringa oleifera Lam. in Botswana: Current status and potential for commercialization. South African J Bot [Internet]. 2020 Mar;129:471–9. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0254629918323718

Saa RW, Fombang EN, Ndjantou EB, Njintang NY. Treatments and uses of Moringa oleifera seeds in human nutrition: A review. Food Sci Nutr [Internet]. 2019 Jun 7;7(6):1911–9. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/fsn3.1057

Ashfaq M, Basra SM UA. Moringa : A Miracle Plant for Agro-forestry. J Agric Soc Sci. 2012;8(3):115–22.

Nautiyal BP VK. Moringa (drumstick)-an ideal tree for social forestry: growing conditions and uses-Part I. My For. 1987;23(1):53–8.

Adouko SJ, Soha SSA, Ohouko OHF, Dougnon TJ. Review on biological and immunomodulatory properties of Moringa oleifera in animal and human nutrition. J Pharmacogn Phyther [Internet]. 2020 Feb 29;12(1):1–9. Available from: https://academicjournals.org/journal/JPP/article-abstract/052862862881

Gandji K, Chadare FJ, Idohou R, Salako VK, Assogbadjo AE KR. Status and utilization of Moringa oleifera Lam: A review. African Crop Sci J. 2018;26(1):137–56.

Muhammad HI, Asmawi MZ, Khan NAK. A review on promising phytochemical, nutritional and glycemic control studies on Moringa oleifera Lam. in tropical and sub-tropical regions. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed [Internet]. 2016 Oct;6(10):896–902. Available from: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2221169116301381

Varieties and Ecotypes of Moringa Oleifera.” Sustainablebioresources.com, http://sustainablebioresources.com/plants/plant-families/moringaceae/moringa-oleifera-2/varieties-ecotypes-moringa-oleifera/.

Mallenakuppe R, Homabalegowda H, Gouri MD, Basavaraju PS, Chandrashekharaiah UB. History, Taxonomy and Propagation of Moringa oleifera-A Review. SSR Inst Int J Life Sci [Internet]. 2019 May;5(3):2322–7. Available from: http://www.iijls.com/currentissue/History_Taxonomy_and_Propagation_Moringa_oleifera.pdf

NOUMAN W, SIDDIQUI MT, BASRA SMA, AFZAL I, REHMAN HU. Enhancement of emergence potential and stand establishment of Moringa oleifera Lam. by seed priming. Turkish J Agric For [Internet]. 2012 Jan 1; Available from: https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/agriculture/vol36/iss2/9

Thapa K, Poudel M, Adhikari P. Moringa oleifera: A Review Article on Nutritional Properties and its Prospect in the Context of Nepal. Acta Sci Agric. 2019;3(11):47–54.

Mashamaite C V., Pieterse PJ, Mothapo PN, Phiri EE. Moringa oleifera in South Africa: A review on its production, growing conditions and consumption as a food source. S Afr J Sci [Internet]. 2021 Mar 29;117(3/4). Available from: http://192.168.0.19/index.php/sajs/article/view/8689

Reddy S. Cultivation of Moringa. Vikaspedia. 2019;

Vaknin Y, Eisikowitch D, Mishal A. Floral and Pollen Traits of Moringa oleifera Lam. and Moringa peregrina (Forssk.) Fiori Provide Reproductive Adaptations for Arid Conditions. Agronomy [Internet]. 2021 May 27;11(6):1090. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1090

Bhatnagar S, Rathore LS, Khan AU, Vishnoi G, Sharma N KB. Record of insect pollinators of Moringa oleifera lam. J Entomol Zool Stud. 2018;6:389–91.

Vergara-Jimenez M, Almatrafi M, Fernandez M. Bioactive Components in Moringa Oleifera Leaves Protect against Chronic Disease. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2017 Nov 16;6(4):91. Available from: http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/6/4/91

Kashyap P, Kumar S, Riar CS, Jindal N, Baniwal P, Guiné RPF, et al. Recent Advances in Drumstick (Moringa oleifera) Leaves Bioactive Compounds: Composition, Health Benefits, Bioaccessibility, and Dietary Applications. Antioxidants [Internet]. 2022 Feb 16;11(2):402. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/11/2/402

Abd Rani NZ, Husain K, Kumolosasi E. Moringa Genus: A Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacology. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. 2018 Feb 16;9. Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2018.00108/full 24.Yang, R.Y.; Yang, R.Y.; Lin, S.; Kuo G. Content and distribution of flavonoids among 91 edible plant species. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17:275–9.

Prakash D, Suri S, Upadhyay G, Singh BN. Total phenol, antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of some medicinal plants. Int J Food Sci Nutr [Internet]. 2007 Jan 6;58(1):18–28. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09637480601093269 26.Verma S, Singh A, Mishra A. Gallic acid: Molecular rival of cancer. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol [Internet]. 2013 May;35(3):473–85. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1382668913000276

Panda S, Kar A, Sharma P, Sharma A. Cardioprotective potential of N,α-l-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide, an indole alkaloid, isolated from the leaves of Moringa oleifera in isoproterenol induced cardiotoxic rats: In vivo and in vitro studies. Bioorg Med Chem Lett [Internet]. 2013 Feb;23(4):959–62. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0960894X1201654X

Sahakitpichan P, Mahidol C, Disadee W, Ruchirawat S, Kanchanapoom T. Unusual glycosides of pyrrole alkaloid and 4′-hydroxyphenylethanamide from leaves of Moringa oleifera. Phytochemistry [Internet]. 2011 Jun;72(8):791–5. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031942211001087

Augustin JM, Kuzina V, Andersen SB, Bak S. Molecular activities, biosynthesis and evolution of triterpenoid saponins. Phytochemistry [Internet]. 2011 Apr;72(6):435–57. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031942211000410

Meireles D, Gomes J, Lopes L, Hinzmann M, Machado J. A review of properties, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications of Moringa oleifera: integrative approach on conventional and traditional Asian medicine. Adv Tradit Med [Internet]. 2020 Dec 17;20(4):495–515. Available from: https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s13596-020-00468-0

Gassenschmidt, U., Jany, K.D., Tauscher, B. and Niebergall H. Isolation and characterization of a flocculating protein from Moringa oleifera Lam. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995;1243:477–81.

Bennett RN, Mellon FA, Foidl N, Pratt JH, Dupont MS, Perkins L, et al. Profiling Glucosinolates and Phenolics in Vegetative and Reproductive Tissues of the Multi-Purpose Trees Moringa oleifera L. (Horseradish Tree) and Moringa stenopetala L. J Agric Food Chem [Internet]. 2003 Jun 1;51(12):3546–53. Available from: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jf0211480

Saluja, M. P., Kapil, R. S. and Popli SP. Studies in medicinal plants: Part VI Chemical constituents of Moringa oleifera Lam. And Isolation of 4-Hydroxymellein. Indian J Chem 16B. 1978;1044–5.

J.L. Rockwood, B.G. Anderson DAC. POTENTIAL USES OF Moringa oleifera AND AN EXAMINATION OF ANTIBIOTIC EFFICACY CONFERRED BY M. oleifera SEED AND LEAF EXTRACTS USING CRUDE EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES AVAILABLE TO UNDERSERVED INDIGENOUS POPULATIONS. Int J Phytothearpy Res. 2013;3:61–71. 35.J.N. Kasolo, G.S. Bimenya, L. Ojok, J. Ochieng JWO. Phytochemicals and uses of Moringa oleifera leaves in Ugandan ruralcommunities. J Med plants res. 2010;4(9):753–7.

M.D. Thurber JWF. Adoption of Moringa oleifera to combat under-nutrition viewed through the lens of the diffusion of innovations theory. Ecol Food Sci Nutr. 2010;48:1–13.

Fuglie LJ. The Moringa Tree: A local solution to malnutrition ChurchWorld Service in Senegal. 2005;

O.S. Ijarotimi, O. Adeoti OA. Comparative study on nutrient compo-sition, phytochemical, and functional characteristics of raw, germinated,and fermented Moringa oleifera seed flour. Food Sci Nutr. 2013;1:452–63.

Jung IL. Soluble extract from Moringa oleifera leaves with a new anti-cancer activity. plus one 9. 2010;1–10.

C. Sutalangka, J. Wattanathorn, S. Muchimapura WT. Moringa oleifera mitigates memory impairment and neurodegenerationin animal model of age-related dementia. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2013;1–19.

O.S. Adeyemi TCE. Moringa oleifera supplemented diets pre-vented nickel-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar rats,. J Nutr Metab. 2014;1–8.

M.K. Choudhary, S.H. Bodakhe SKG. Assessment of the antiulcerpotential of Moringa oleifera root-bark extract in rats. JAMS J AcupunctMeridian Stud. 2013;6:214–20.

T.G. Monera CCM. Prevalence and patterns of Moringa oleiferause among HIV positive patients in Zimbabwe: a cross-sectional survey. JPublic Heal Africa. 2013;3:6–8.

Bhattacharya, S.B., Das, A.K. and Banerji N. Chemical investigations on the gum exudates from Sajna (Moringa oleifera). Carbohydr Res 102. 1982;253–62.

S. Nair KNV. Anticancer, cytotoxic potential of Moringaoleifera extracts on HeLa cell line. J Nat Pharm. 2011;2:138–42.

Khare, G.C., Singh, V. and Gupta P. A new Leucoanthocyanin from Moringa oleifera Gum. J Indian Chem Soc 74. 1997;247–8.

Faizi, S., Siddiqui, B.S., Saleem, R., Siddiqui, S. and Aftab K. Isolation and structure elucidation of new nitrile and mustard oil glycosides from Moringa oleifera and their effect on blood pressure. J Nat Prod. 1994;57(9):1256–61.

Faizi, S., Siddiqui, B.S., Saleem, R., Siddiqui, S. and Aftab, K. and Gilani A. Fully acetylated carbamate and hypotensive thiocarbamate glycosides from Moringa oleifera. Phytochemistry. 1995;38(4):957–63.

Pramanik, A. and Islam S. Chemical investigation of aqueous extract of the mature and premature flowers of Moringa oleifera and Structural studies of a polysaccharide isolated from its premature flowers. Indian J Chem 37B. 1998;676–82.

Dahot, M.U. and Memon A. Nutritive significance of oil extracted from Moringa oleifera seeds. J Pharm Univ Karach. 1985;3(2):75–80. 51.Memon, G.M., Memon, S.A. and Memon A. Isolation and structure elucidation of moringyne, a new glycoside from the seeds of Moringa oleifera. Pak J Sci Ind Res. 1985;28(1):7–9.

S Patel AST, A Chandy and A Manigauha. Moringa Oleifera: A Review of There Medicinal and Economical Importance to the Health and Nation. drug Invent today. 2010;2(7):339–42.

Sodamade A, Owonikoko A OD. Nutrient contents and mineral composition of Moringa oleifera Seed. Int J Commun Syst. 2017;5(2):205–7.

LJ. F. The Miracle Tree: The Multiple Attributes of Moringa. Natural Nutrition for the Tropic. Church World Serv Dakar. 2001;172.

Gupta S, Jain R, Kachhwaha S, Kothari SL. Nutritional and medicinal applications of Moringa oleifera Lam.—Review of current status and future possibilities. J Herb Med [Internet]. 2018 Mar;11:1–11. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S2210803317300532

JL. H. Medicinal characteristics of Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds. McGraw Hill Company, Ohio, New York. 1967. 1967.

Anwar F, Latif S, Ashraf M, Gilani AH. Moringa oleifera: a food plant with multiple medicinal uses. Phyther Res [Internet]. 2007 Jan;21(1):17–25. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ptr.2023

Dhongade H kumar J, Paikra BK, Gidwani B. Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam. J Pharmacopuncture [Internet]. 2017 Sep 30;20(3):194–200. Available from: http://www.journal.ac/article/20/3/194

Mbikay M. Therapeutic Potential of Moringa oleifera Leaves in Chronic Hyperglycemia and Dyslipidemia: A Review. Front Pharmacol [Internet]. 2012;3. Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fphar.2012.00024/abstract

Gothai S, Arulselvan P, Tan W, Fakurazi S. Wound healing properties of ethyl acetate fraction of Moringa oleifera in normal human dermal fibroblasts. J Intercult Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2016;5(1):1. Available from: http://www.scopemed.org/fulltextpdf.php?mno=211090

Amali Muhammad A, Fakurazi S, Arulselvan P, See CP, Abas F. Evaluation of wound healing properties of bioactive aqueous fraction from Moringa oleifera Lam on experimentally induced diabetic animal model. Drug Des Devel Ther [Internet]. 2016 May;1715. Available from: https://www.dovepress.com/evaluation-of-wound-healing-properties-of-bioactive-aqueous-fraction-f-peer-reviewed-article-DDDT

Nepolean P, Anitha J ER. Isolation, analysis, and identification of phytochemicals of antimicrobial activity of Moringa oleifera Lam. Curr Biot. 2009;3(1):33–7.

Maurya SK, Singh AK. Clinical Efficacy of Moringa oleifera Lam. Stems Bark in Urinary Tract Infections. Int Sch Res Not [Internet]. 2014 Nov 2;2014:1–7. Available from: https://www.hindawi.com/journals/isrn/2014/906843/

Ganguly R. Effect of Moringa Oleifera in Experimental Model of Alzheimer’s Disease : Role of Antioxidants. Ann Neurosci [Internet]. 2005;12(3):33–6. Available from: http://www.annalsofneurosciences.org/journal/index.php/annal/article/view/105

Dubey DK, Dora J, Kumar A, Gulsan RK. A Multipurpose Tree-Moringa oleifera. Int J Pharm Chem Sci [Internet]. 2013;2(1):415–23. Available from: www.ijpcsonline.com

Ghasi S, Nwobodo E, Ofili J. Hypocholesterolemic effects of crude extract of leaf of Moringa oleifera Lam in high-fat diet fed wistar rats. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2000 Jan;69(1):21–5. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378874199001063

Cerf ME. Beta Cell Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2013;4. Available from: http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2013.00037/abstract

SAI MANGALA DIVI , RAMESH BELLAMKONDA SKD. EVALUATION OF ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIHYPERLIPEDEMIC POTENTIAL OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA IN FRUCTOSE FED INSULIN RESISTANT AND STZ INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RATS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2012;5(1):67–72.

Wright E, Scism-Bacon JL, Glass LC. Oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes: the role of fasting and postprandial glycaemia. Int J Clin Pract [Internet]. 2006 Feb 22;60(3):308–14. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00825.x

Kaneto H, Kajimoto Y, Miyagawa J, Matsuoka T, Fujitani Y, Umayahara Y, et al. Beneficial effects of antioxidants in diabetes: possible protection of pancreatic beta-cells against glucose toxicity. Diabetes [Internet]. 1999 Dec 1;48(12):2398–406. Available from: https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/48/12/2398/10138/Beneficial-effects-of-antioxidants-in-diabetes

Prentki M. Islet cell failure in type 2 diabetes. J Clin Invest [Internet]. 2006 Jul 3;116(7):1802–12. Available from: http://www.jci.org/cgi/doi/10.1172/JCI29103

Kamalakkannan N, Prince PSM. Antihyperglycaemic and Antioxidant Effect of Rutin, a Polyphenolic Flavonoid, in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Wistar Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol [Internet]. 2006 Jan;98(1):97–103. Available from: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1742-7843.2006.pto_241.x

D. Aronson EJR. How hyperglycemia promotes atherosclerosis: molecular mechanisms. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2002;1.

Chumark P, Khunawat P, Sanvarinda Y, Phornchirasilp S, Morales NP, Phivthong-ngam L, et al. The in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant properties, hypolipidaemic and antiatherosclerotic activities of water extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves. J Ethnopharmacol [Internet]. 2008 Mar;116(3):439–46. Available from: https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0378874107006721

Al-Malki AL, El Rabey HA. The Antidiabetic Effect of Low Doses of Moringa oleifera Lam. Seeds on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats. Biomed Res Int [Internet]. 2015;2015:1–13. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/bmri/2015/381040/




DOI: https://doi.org/10.37591/rrjopc.v10i1.1269

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2023 Research & Reviews A Journal of Pharmacognosy